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<p>The following case study explains <strong>how online abusers can work together in their efforts to silence journalists online.</strong></p>
<p><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/23488d12f1648845db26a5ee012759f4/asset-v1:IWMF+IWMF_OH_EN+001+type@asset+block/actor-veronica.png" type="saveimage" target="[object Object]" width="25%" hspace="20" align="right" /><strong>Veronica is a staff reporter</strong> for print and online publications and covers a wide geographical area, including her hometown far from the country’s capital. She covers a wide range of issues, including those involving various powerful entities with different interests.</p>
<p>As a consequence, <strong>she has been attacked by government entities, criminal groups, and opportunists</strong>. She recurrently receives aggressive twitter messages from a number of accounts. Here is one example of the type of tweets she received.</p>
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<p>This module has looked at the different types of abusers and shown how trolls do not always work alone but are backed by authorities, groups, and other entities. <br /> <br /><strong>The following cloud map shows the different abusers who targeted Veronica</strong>. <em>Hover over the icon</em> to see how these abusers are likely to be connected to each other.</p>
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<p>By looking at who is behind the abuse, Veronica can see that <strong>what appears to be random attacks could actually be a coordinated attempt</strong> to silence her. </p>
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<p>So, <strong>how can Veronica tell if her online abusers are connected?</strong> Veronica worked with a colleague who helped her study the online abuse. Take a look at the steps they took below. This information is also available for download in our Course Handouts section.</p>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/4f128c83b95e80cec2cc695763facb74/asset-v1:IWMF+IWMF_OH_EN+001+type@asset+block/animation-online-abusers_IF.gif" type="saveimage" target="[object Object]" width="60%" /></p>
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<p><strong>Now what?</strong></p>
<p>Identifying abusers may not be useful for everyone, but some journalists find it helpful as a way to build a strategy to deal with and protect themselves against harassment. <br /><br />Veronica could see that a number of her <strong>online abusers who were regularly attacking her were real people who appeared to have connections to local government</strong>. She gave this information to an organization that defends freedom of expression, and they used it when supporting Veronica with her case.</p>
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<p><strong>Well done! You have completed the first module</strong>. Hopefully, you have learned something new about the different types of online abusers and the people, organizations, or bodies that orchestrate attacks. You also met Veronica and saw how, by using a series of steps, she linked her online abuse to a government body she had criticised in an article.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/d3fa74d87d57a645e5a5646e86f64bdb/asset-v1:IWMF+IWMF_OH_EN+001+type@asset+block/Bad-Actor-Troll.png" type="saveimage" target="[object Object]" width="35%" /></p>
<p>Feel free to share the steps she used with other journalists who, we hope, may find them useful.<br /><br /><strong>In the next module, we will look at the type of tactics</strong> used by abusers and the language used to describe their abuse. <br /><br /></p>
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